UMa Xinqiang, usihlalo we-Huagong Technology kanye nesekela leNgqungquthela Kazwelonke Yabantu, usanda kwamukela ingxoxo nezintatheli futhi wabeka iziphakamiso zokuphromotha intuthuko yezinga eliphezulu yemboni yemishini ye-laser yezwe lami.
UMa Xinqiang uthe ubuchwepheshe be-laser busetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wezwe, okubandakanya ukwenziwa kwezimboni, ezokuxhumana, ukucutshungulwa kolwazi, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukongiwa kwamandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, i-aerospace kanye neminye imikhakha, futhi buwukhiye obusekela ubuchwepheshe ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza okunembayo okuphezulu.Ngo-2022, inani eliphelele lemakethe yemishini ye-laser yezwe lami izobalelwa ku-61.4% wemali engenayo yokuthengisa emakethe yemishini ye-laser.Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwemakethe yemishini ye-laser yezwe lami kuzofinyelela kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-92.8 ngo-2023, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-6.7%.
izwe lami seliphenduke imakethe ye-laser yezimboni enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni kuze kube manje.Ekupheleni kuka-2022, kuzoba nezinkampani ze-laser ezingaphezu kuka-200 ngaphezu kobukhulu obunqunyiwe e-China, ingqikithi yenani lezinkampani zemishini yokucubungula i-laser izodlula i-1,000, futhi isibalo sabasebenzi basembonini ye-laser sizodlula amakhulu ezinkulungwane.Nokho, izingozi zokuphepha nge-laser zenzeke kaningi eminyakeni yamuva, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa: ukusha kweretina, izilonda zamehlo, ukusha kwesikhumba, imililo, izingozi zokusabela kwe-photochemical, izingozi zothuli olunobuthi, nokushaqeka kukagesi.Ngokwezibalo ezifanele zedatha, umonakalo omkhulu odalwe yi-laser emzimbeni womuntu amehlo, futhi imiphumela yokulimala kwe-laser esweni lomuntu ayinakulungiseka, kulandele isikhumba, okubalelwa ku-80% womonakalo.
Ezingeni lemithetho neziqondiso, iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene ikhiphe Iphrothokholi Yokuvinjelwa Kwezikhali Ze-Laser Ezingaboniyo.Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2011, amazwe/izifunda ezingama-99 kuhlanganisa ne-United States zisayine lesi sivumelwano.I-United States ine-“Center for Equipment and Radiological Health (CDRH)”, “Laser Product Import Warning Order 95-04″, i-Canada “inoMthetho Wezisetshenziswa Zokuphuma Kwemisebe”, futhi i-United Kingdom “ineMithetho Ejwayelekile Yokuphepha Komkhiqizo ka-2005 ″, njll., kodwa izwe lami alinayo imithetho yokulawula ehambisana nokuphepha kwe-laser.Ukwengeza, amazwe athuthukile njenge-Europe ne-United States adinga ukuthi abasebenza nge-laser bathole ukuqeqeshwa kokuphepha nge-laser njalo eminyakeni emibili.“Umthetho Wemfundo Yemisebenzi Yezandla Yezwe Lami “People's Republic of China Vocational Education Law” ubeka ukuthi abasebenzi abenza imisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe ababuthwe amabhizinisi kufanele bathole imfundo yokukhiqiza ukuphepha kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwezobuchwepheshe ngaphambi kokuba baqale imisebenzi yabo.Kodwa-ke, asikho isikhundla sesikhulu sezokuphepha nge-laser e-China, futhi izinkampani eziningi ze-laser azikaqali uhlelo lokuzibophezela nge-laser, futhi ngokuvamile azikunaki ukuqeqeshwa kokuzivikela komuntu siqu.
Ezingeni elijwayelekile, izwe lami likhiphe izinga elinconyiwe elithi “Optical Radiation Safety Laser Specifications” ngo-2012. Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, izinga eliyisibopho lahlongozwa futhi laphathwa Umnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, futhi laphathiswa Ikomiti Likazwelonke Lobuchwepheshe I-Optical Radiation Safety kanye ne-Laser Equipment Standardization ukuze isetshenziswe., isiqede uhlaka olujwayelekile lokubonisana.Ngemva kokwethulwa kwezinga eliphoqelekile, ayikho imithetho yokuphatha efanele mayelana nokuphepha kwe-laser, akukho ukugada nokuhlola kanye nokugcinwa komthetho wokuphatha, futhi kunzima ukusebenzisa izidingo ezijwayelekile eziyisibopho.Ngaso leso sikhathi, nakuba “uMthetho Wokumisa Okuvamile WeRiphabhulikhi Yabantu YaseShayina” ngo-2018 uqinise ukuphathwa okuhlangene kwamazinga ayisibopho, kuze kube manje yi-State Administration for Market Regulation ekhiphe “Izinyathelo Zokulawula Izinga Likazwelonke Eziyimpoqo” ukuze isho inqubo yokwakhiwa kwamazinga ayisibopho, ukuqaliswa kanye nokuqondisa, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi kuwumthetho womnyango, umphumela wawo wezomthetho unomkhawulo.
Ukwengeza, ezingeni lokulawula, okokusebenza kwe-laser, ikakhulukazi okokusebenza kwe-laser enamandla amakhulu, akufakiwe kukhathalogi yemikhiqizo yezimboni eyinhloko kazwelonke neyendawo.
UMa Xinqiang uthe njengoba imishini ye-laser iqhubeka nokuhambela ezingeni lama-watt angu-10 000 kuya phezulu, njengoba sizokhula isibalo sabakhiqizi bemishini ye-laser, imikhiqizo ye-laser, nabasebenzisi bemishini ye-laser, izingozi zokuphepha zizokhula kancane kancane.Ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwalo msebe wokukhanya kubalulekile kuzo zombili izinkampani ze-laser nezinkampani ezifaka izicelo.Ukuphepha kuwumgogodla wokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni ye-laser.Kuyaphuthuma ukwenza ngcono umthetho wokuphepha we-laser, ukugcinwa komthetho wokuphatha, nokudala indawo ephephile yokusebenzisa i-laser.
Uphakamise ukuthi uMkhandlu Wombuso kufanele umemezele izinyathelo zokuphatha ezifanele zokwakhiwa kwamazinga ayisibopho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ucacisa ububanzi bezindinganiso eziphoqelekile, izinqubo zokwakhiwa, ukuqaliswa nokuqondisa, njll, ukunikeza ukwesekwa kwezomthetho kokuqaliswa okusebenzayo kwezindinganiso eziphoqelekile. .
Okwesibili, uMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, Ukuphathwa Kwezwe Kwezokulawulwa Kwemakethe kanye neminye iminyango efanele ixoxisane ngokugcwele ukuze kukhishwe amazinga ayisibopho kazwelonke okuphepha emisebeni yokubona ngokushesha okukhulu.Ukugcinwa komthetho, kanye nokusungulwa kohlaziyo lwezibalo kanye nesistimu yokubika ukuze kusetshenziswe amazinga, kuqiniswe impendulo yesikhathi sangempela kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kokusetshenziswa kokulawula kanye namazinga.
Okwesithathu, ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwethimba lethalente elilinganisa ukuphepha kwe-laser, ukwandisa ukwaziswa nokuqaliswa kwamazinga ayisibopho kusukela kuhulumeni kuya enhlanganweni kuya ebhizinisini, futhi kuthuthukiswe uhlelo lokusekela abaphathi.
Ekugcineni, kuhlanganiswe nomkhuba womthetho wamazwe aseYurophu naseMelika, kumenyezelwe imithethonqubo yokuphatha efanelekile “njengeLaser Product Safety Regulations” ukuze kucaciswe izibopho zokuphepha zezinkampani ezikhiqizayo nezinkampani ezifaka izicelo, futhi zinikeze isiqondiso nezingqinamba ekwakhiweni kokuthobelana kwe izinkampani ze-laser nezinkampani zokusebenzisa i-laser.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-07-2023